Ibhuleki lesondo le-Universal okungukuthi, amalunga e-universal, iwukuqaphela ukudluliswa kwamandla omshini okuguquguqukayo, ukuze kudingeke ukushintsha indawo yomugqa womshafti wokushayela, uhlelo lokushayela lwezimoto lwezingxenye "ezihlangene" zedivayisi yokudlulisa yonke indawo. Inhlanganisela yebhuleki lesondo le-Universal kanye nomshafti wokushayela, eyaziwa ngokuthi idivayisi yokudlulisa ibhuleki lesondo le-Universal. Idivayisi yokudlulisa ibhuleki lesondo le-Universal ngokuvamile yakhiwa amalunga e-universal kanye nama-drive shaft, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukwesekwa okuphakathi, okusetshenziswa kakhulu kwezinye zezikhundla ezilandelayo: amalunga angu-1-universal; ama-shaft angu-2-drive; umshafti wokushayela wangaphambili ongu-3; ukwesekwa okuphakathi okungu-4. Ekulinganeni kwejoyinti le-universal, ukuzungeza kwengxenye eyodwa (umshafti wokukhipha) ezungeze umshafti wayo kuqhutshwa ukuzungeza kwenye ingxenye ijoyinti le-universal (umshafti wokufaka) ezungeze umshafti wayo.
Ukubhuleka kwesondo le-Universal ohlangothini lwe-torsion ukuthi ngabe kukhona ukunwebeka okusobala kungahlukaniswa kube amalunga aqinile e-universal kanye namalunga aguquguqukayo e-universal. Amalunga aqinile e-universal angahlukaniswa abe amalunga ajwayelekile e-universal speed angalingani (avame ukusetshenziswa ohlotsheni lwe-cross shaft), amalunga ajwayelekile e-universal speed angalingani (njengamalunga e-duplex universal) kanye namalunga ajwayelekile e-universal speed angalingani (njengamalunga e-ball-cage type universal) amathathu. Amalunga e-Universal lapho i-engeli phakathi kwama-shaft amabili axhunywe yi-universal brake inkulu kuno-zero, kanti i-output kanye ne-input shafts zidlulisa ukunyakaza nge-variable instantaneous angular velocity ratio, kodwa ijubane elimaphakathi le-angular liyalingana.
Amajoyinti aqinile e-universal type akhiwe ngefoloko elihlanganisiwe le-universal, i-cross shaft, i-needle roller bearing, i-oil seal, isethi yesembozo esilula, se-bearing kanye nezinye izingxenye. Umgomo wokusebenza umi kanje: enye yamafoloko ajikelezayo iqhuba enye ifoloko ukuthi ijikeleze nge-cross shaft, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, ingazungeza isikhungo se-cross shaft kunoma iyiphi indlela. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokujikeleza, ama-needle rollers kuma-needle bearingers angazungeza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana. I-shaft exhunywe kumandla okufaka ibizwa ngokuthi i-input shaft (ebizwa nangokuthi i-active shaft), kanti ukuphuma kwe-shaft yi-universal joint kubizwa ngokuthi i-output shaft (ebizwa nangokuthi i-driven shaft). I-universal brake isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo lapho kukhona i-angle phakathi kwe-input shafts kanye ne-output shaft, lapho i-angular velocities yama-shafts amabili ingalingani, futhi ngenxa yalokho ingabangela ukudlidliza kwe-torsional kwe-output shaft kanye nezingxenye zokudlulisela ezixhunywe kuyo futhi kuthinte impilo yalezo zingxenye. Ibhekisela ku-universal brake edlulisa ukunyakaza ngejubane elilinganayo le-angular e-instant e-engile eklanyiwe kanye nejubane elilinganayo le-angular e-instant kwezinye i-engeli. Ihlukaniswe kanje:
(a) Amalunga e-universal speed angu-quasi-equal type Duplex. Abhekisela ku-universal joint lapho ubude bomshafu wokushayela ku-universal joint equal speed drive bufinyezwa khona bube ubuncane.
b) Amalunga e-universal ohlobo lwe-bump angama-quasi-isochronous. Ngama-universal joints amabili kanye nezimo ezimbili ezihlukene zokwakheka kwe-bump. Ama-bumps amabili alingana ne-intermediate drive shaft kanye nama-cross pin amabili kudivayisi ye-duplex universal joint.
(c) Amajoyinti e-universal angohlobo lwe-three-pin quasi-isochronous. Aqukethe ama-shaft amabili anama-three-pin, ifoloko yomgodi engavamile esebenzayo kanye nefoloko yomgodi engavamile eqhutshwayo.
(d) I-Spherical roller type quasi-isokinetic universal joint. Yakhiwe yi-pin shaft, i-spherical roller, i-universal joint shaft kanye ne-cylinder. I-roller ingahamba nge-axial emseleni, idlala indima ye-spline yokwandisa. Ukuxhumana kodonga lwe-roller kanye ne-groove kungadlulisa i-torque. Amalunga e-Universal lapho i-output kanye ne-input shafts ezixhunywe yi-universal brake transmit motion ngesivinini esilinganayo se-angular esisheshayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-19-2024