Ibhuleki yevili le-Universal oko kukuthi, iijoyinti ezijikelezileyo, kukufezekisa ukudluliselwa kwamandla e-engile eguquguqukayo komatshini, ukuze kufuneke ukutshintsha indawo yecala lomgca weshaft yokuqhuba, yinkqubo yokuqhuba yemoto yezinto "ezidibeneyo" zesixhobo sokudlulisa esijikelezileyo. Indibaniselwano yebhuleki yevili le-Universal kunye neshaft yokuqhuba, eyaziwa ngokuba sisixhobo sokudlulisa esijikelezileyo. Isixhobo sokudlulisa ibhuleki yevili le-Universal ngokubanzi senziwe ziijoyinti ezijikelezileyo kunye neeshaft zokuqhuba, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inkxaso ephakathi, esetyenziswa ikakhulu kwezinye zezi zikhundla zilandelayo: iijoyinti ezijikelezileyo ezi-1; iishaft ezijikelezileyo ezi-2; ishaft ejikelezileyo ezi-3; inkxaso ephakathi ezi-4. Kwijoyinti ejikelezileyo, ukujikeleza kwenxalenye enye (ishaft yokukhupha) ejikeleze ishaft yayo kuqhutywa kukujikeleza kwenye ijoyinti ejikelezileyo ejikelezileyo (ishaft yokufaka) ejikeleze ishaft yayo.
Ukuqhoboshela ivili le-Universal kwicala le-torsion nokuba kukho ukuthamba okucacileyo kunokwahlulwahlulwa kube ziijoyinti eziqinileyo ze-universal kunye neejoyinti eziguquguqukayo ze-universal. Iijoyinti eziqinileyo ze-universal zinokwahlulwa zibe ziijoyinti ze-universal zesantya esingalinganiyo (ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kuhlobo lwe-cross shaft), iijoyinti ze-universal zesantya esingalinganiyo (ezifana neejoyinti ze-universal ze-duplex) kunye neejoyinti ze-universal zesantya esilinganayo (ezifana neejoyinti ze-ball-cage ze-universal) ezintathu. Iijoyinti ze-Universal apho i-engile phakathi kwee-shafts ezimbini eziqhagamshelwe yi-universal brake inkulu kuno-zero, kwaye i-output kunye ne-input shafts zidlulisela intshukumo nge-variable instantaneous angular velocity ratio, kodwa i-avareji ye-angular velocities ilingana.
Iijoyinti eziqinileyo ze-universal type cross-axis zenziwe ngefolokhwe edibeneyo ye-universal, i-cross shaft, i-needle roller bearing, i-oil seal, iseti yesiciko esilula, se-bearing kunye nezinye izinto. Umgaqo wokusebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: enye yeefolokhwe ezijikelezayo iqhuba enye ifolokhwe ukuba ijikeleze kwi-cross shaft, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, inokujika ijikeleze embindini we-cross shaft kuyo nayiphi na indlela. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokujikeleza, ii-needle rollers kwi-needle bearings zinokujikeleza ukunciphisa ukungqubana. I-shaft eqhagamshelwe kumandla okufaka ibizwa ngokuba yi-input shaft (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-active shaft), kwaye i-shaft output yi-universal joint ibizwa ngokuba yi-output shaft (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-driven shaft). I-universal brake isebenza phantsi kweemeko apho kukho i-engile phakathi kwe-input kunye ne-output shaft, apho i-angular velocities ye-shafts ezimbini zingalingani, kwaye ngenxa yoko inokubangela ukungcangcazela kwe-torsional ye-output shaft kunye nezinto zokudlulisa ezidibene nayo kwaye zichaphazele ubomi bezo zinto. Ibhekisa kwi-universal brake edlulisa intshukumo ngesantya esilinganayo se-angular kwi-engile eyiliweyo kunye nesantya esilinganayo se-angular kwezinye ii-engile. Yahlulwe yaba:
(a) Iijoyinti ze-universal ze-Duplex speed quasi-equal speed. Ibhekisa kwijoyinti ye-universal apho ubude be-drive shaft kwi-universal joint equal speed drive bufinyezwa bube buncinci.
b) Iijoyinti ezijikelezileyo ze-universal type quasi-isochronous. Zijoyinti ezimbini ezijikelezileyo kunye neemilo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokwakheka kwe-bump. Ezi bumps zimbini zilingana ne-intermediate drive shaft kunye nee-cross pins ezimbini kwisixhobo se-duplex universal joint.
(c) Iijoyinti ze-universal eziluhlobo lwe-three-pin quasi-isochronous. Ziqulathe ii-shafts ezimbini ze-three-pin, i-shaft fork esebenzayo kunye ne-shaft fork eccentric eqhutywayo.
(d) I-Spherical roller type quasi-isokinetic Universal joint. Iqulathe i-pin shaft, i-spherical roller, i-universal joint shaft kunye ne-cylinder. I-roller inokuhamba nge-axial kwi-groove, idlala indima ye-expansion spline. I-roller kunye ne-groove wall contact zinokudlulisela i-torque. I-Universal joints apho i-output kunye ne-input shafts ezidityaniswe yi-universal brake transmit motion kwi-awas ifanayo i-awas instantaneous angular velocities.
Ixesha leposi: Februwari-19-2024