I roto i te ao ahumahi, ko ngā wīra he taputapu pūkoro nui, ko te kōwhiringa e pā tika ana ki te whai huatanga o te taputapu pūkoro, te haumaru me te roa o te mahi. I te aroaro o te whānuitanga o ngā wīra ahumahi kei te mākete, kua waiho te hoko i ngā wīra tika hei wero mō te maha o ngā umanga me ngā wheketere. Anei ētahi whakaaro mō te hoko i ngā wīra ahumahi tika.
He whakamahinga mārama o te wāhi me te tono
I te hoko o ngā mīhini hurihuri ahumahi i mua, tuatahi, me whakamārama te whakamahinga o te wāhi me te tono. He rerekē ngā whakaritenga mō ngā mīhini hurihuri i ngā taiao ahumahi rerekē, pērā i te rauemi whenua, te kaha kawenga, te auau o te nekehanga me ētahi atu. Me whakamārama noa i ēnei hiahia, kia taea ai te whiriwhiri i ngā mīhini hurihuri tika.
Tuarua, whiriwhiria te rauemi tika
Ko te rauemi o ngā wira ahumahi ka pā tika ki tōna pakari, tōna kaha ki te kawe kawenga me te mahi. Ko ngā rauemi noa o ngā wira ahumahi ko te nairona, te rapa, te polyurethane, te rapa hangai, te rino maka me ētahi atu. He rerekē ngā āhuatanga o ngā rauemi rerekē, pērā i te ātete ki te kakahu o ngā wira polyurethane, te ātete ki te hinu, te ātete ki te pāmahana teitei me te iti, te māmā o ngā wira nairona, te ātete ki te pānga. He mea nui kia whiriwhiria te rauemi tika kia rite ki te taiao whakamahinga me te tono. Pērā i ngā hūperamākete, ngā kura, ngā hōhipera, ngā whare tari, ngā hōtēra me ētahi atu wāhi, nā te mea he pai te whenua, he maeneene, he māmā ake te kawe taonga, (ko ia kawenga wira he 50-150kg), he pai mō te whiriwhiri i te pereti maitai angiangi 3-4mm te anga wira, he māmā te anga wira, he ngāwari te mahi, he marino, he ataahua. Ka taea te wehewehe i tēnei anga wira whakakikorua ki ngā rarangi takirua o ngā pīri me ngā rarangi takitahi o ngā pīri kia rite ki te whakaritenga o ngā pīri, ki te nekehia me te whakahaere pinepine, arā, me whakamahi i ngā rarangi takirua o ngā pīri; I roto i ngā wheketere me ngā whare putunga, me ētahi atu, he tino auau te whakahaere i ngā taonga, ā, he taumaha ake te kawenga (150-680kg te taumaha o ia wira), he pai mō te whakamahi i te pereti maitai matotoru 5-6mm te tā me te hanga wera me te whakarewa i ngā piriti rarangi-rua o te anga wira; mēnā mō te whakahaere i ngā kawenga taumaha, pērā i ngā wheketere kakahu, ngā wheketere motuka, ngā wheketere miihini. Mēnā ka whakamahia hei kawe i ngā kawenga taumaha pērā i ngā wheketere kakahu, ngā wheketere motuka, ngā wheketere mīhini, me ētahi atu, nā te taumaha o ngā kawenga me te roa o te hikoi (700-2500kg te taumaha o ia wira), me whiriwhiri te anga wira me te pereti maitai matotoru 8-12mm te tapahi me te whakarewa, ā, ka whakamahia e te anga wira neke ngā peera pōro papatahi i runga i te pereti turanga, kia taea ai e ngā wira te whakamahi i ngā mahi kawe kawenga teitei, te hurihuri me te ngāwari, me te ātete pānga, me ētahi atu i te wā kotahi.
Tuatoru, whiriwhiria te whitiki tika mō te whitiki
He wāhanga matua te whāriki hurihuri e hono ana i ngā hurihuri me ngā taputapu, ā, ko tōna kounga me tōna pumau ka pā tika ki te whakamahinga o ngā hurihuri. I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i te whāriki hurihuri, me whai whakaaro ki tōna kaha kawe, tōna pumau, tōna roa me tōna ngāwari me ētahi atu āhuatanga. Me whiriwhiri te whāriki hurihuri tika kia rite ki te taumaha o te taputapu me te auau o te nekehanga kia pai ai te nekeneke o ngā taputapu.
Tuawhā, tatauhia te kaha kawe-kawe o ngā wira
I te hoko i ngā mīhini huri ā-ahumahi, me tatau te kaha kawe kawenga o ia mīhini huri. Me whakatau tēnei i runga i te taumaha-ake o ngā taputapu, te kawenga mōrahi me te maha o ngā mīhini huri e whakamahia ana. I taua wā anō, me whai whakaaro ki tētahi āhuatanga haumaru kia taea ai e ngā mīhini huri te kawe i te taumaha e tika ana i te whakamahinga tuturu. Kia taea ai te tatau i te kaha kawenga o ngā mīhini huri, me mōhio ki te taumaha mate o ngā taputapu kawe, te kawenga mōrahi me te maha o ngā mīhini huri e whakamahia ana. Ka tatauhia te kaha kawenga o tētahi mīhini huri penei: T=(E+Z)/M×N: T=te kaha kawenga o tētahi mīhini huri; E=te taumaha-ake o ngā taputapu kawe; Z=te kawenga mōrahi; M=te maha o ngā mīhini huri e whakamahia ana; N=te tauwehenga haumaru (tata ki te 1.3-1.5).
Tuarima, whiriwhiria te diameter wira tika
He pānga tika te rahi o te wira ki te mahi neke o ngā taputapu me te tiaki i te whenua. I te nuinga o te wā, ko te nui ake o te diameter o te wira, ko te māmā ake o te pana me te nui ake o te kaha kawe. Heoi, me whiriwhiri hoki te diameter o te wira e tika ana kia rite ki ngā hiahia tuturu kia kore ai e moumou me te kore e hiahiatia he utu.
Ono, kia pai ai te hurihanga o te wira
Ka pā tika te ngāwari o ngā wira ki te pai o te nekehanga me te haumaru o ngā taputapu. Ka taea e ngā peera pōro kounga teitei te whakapai ake i te ngāwari o te hurihanga o te wira, te whakaiti i te ātete me te haruru. I te hoko i ngā wira wira ahumahi, kia aro ki te kōwhiringa o te tāutanga o ngā wira peera pōro kia pai ai te ngāwari o te hurihanga, kia mama hoki.
Whitu, whakaarohia te āhua o te pāmahana o te hua
He maha ngā wā ka pāngia ngā taiao ahumahi e ngā āhuatanga pāmahana tino kino pērā i te makariri me te pāmahana teitei. I te hoko i ngā wira ahumahi, me whai whakaaro ki te āheinga o te hua ki te urutau ki te pāmahana. Hei tauira, ka taea e ngā wira polyurethane te noho ngohengohe me te ngāwari i ngā pāmahana iti, ā, ka taea e ngā wira ātete pāmahana teitei te pupuri i te mahi pumau i ngā pāmahana teitei.
Tuawaru, te tiaki me te tirotiro i ia rā
I muri i te whiriwhiri i ngā wira ahumahi e tika ana, he mea nui anō hoki te tiaki me te tirotiro i ngā mahi o ia rā. Mā te tirotiro i te mau o ngā wira, te pakaru me te pakaru o te peera, me te nui o te hinu whakahinuhinu, me ētahi atu, ā, mā te whakakapinga i ngā wira me ngā wāhanga kua pakaru i te wā tika ka roa ake te ora o ngā wira, ka mau tonu hoki te pumau o tā rātou mahi.
I roto i te poto, ko te hoko i ngā wira ahumahi e tika ana me whai whakaaro ki ētahi āhuatanga, tae atu ki te whakamahinga o te wāhi, ngā rauemi, ngā whāriki, te kaha kawenga, te whānui o te wira, te ngāwari hurihuri me te urutau pāmahana me ētahi atu. Mā te whai whakaaro whānui ki ēnei āhuatanga anake ka taea ai e tātou te hoko wira ahumahi e tutuki ai ngā hiahia tuturu me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga me te haumaru o te nekehanga taputapu.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-25-2024